Operating System Services

What are the Services provided by Operating System?

       An operating system provides an environment for the execution of programs. Operating System provides certain services to and the users of those programs. These OS services are provided for the convenience of the programs programmer to make the programming task easier.

1) Program Execution

       The system must be able to load a program into memory and to run it. The program must be able to end its execution either normally or abnormally

2) I/O operation

       A running program may require I/O.This I/O may involve a file or an I/O device. For specific devices, special functions may be desired. For efficiency and protection, users cannot control I/Odevices directly. Therefore OS can control I/O devices

3) File-System manipulation

      The file system should be obvious that programs need to read and write files. They also need to create and delete files by name.

4) Communication

     One process may exchange information to another process. There are two ways needs to exchange information with another process

·         Communication takes place between processes executing on the same computer.

·         Communication takes place between processes executing on different computer system that are tied together by a computer network.

5) Error detection

      Error may occur in CPU and memory hardware, in I/O devices or in the user program. For each type of error, the OS should take the appropriate action to ensure correct and consistent computing.

      In addition, another set of OS functions exists for helping the user and ensuring the efficient operation of the system itself.

      Systems with multiple users can gain efficiency by sharing the computer resources among the users.  

1) Resource Allocation

       When there are multiple users or multiple jobs running at the same time, resources must be allocated to each of them. The resources are managed by the operating system.

2) Accounting

      The record of which users use how much and what kinds of computer resources is kept for accounting or simply for accumulating usage statistics. Usage statistics is a tool used to reconfigure the system to improve computing resources

3) Protection

    When several disjoint processes execute concurrently, it should not be possible for one process to interfere with the other or with the operating system itself. Protection involves ensuring that all access to system resources is controlled. Security of the system starts with each user having to authenticate by means of password

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Health Benefits Of Curry leaf

Curry leaf

            Curry leaf is an important natural food preservative in South Indian cooking, especially in kerala.Use and throw mechanism adopted in the case of curry leaf. But it’s not good and it is essential for our health. It has great medicinal value and its entire parts are used  for various purposes.

Cultivation:

            It is a small herbal tree and 5-7 m long. The leaves are pinnate with 11-21 leaflets. Its flowers are white in color and have nice smell. We can plant it in our home and it will suitable to grow in any climate. Mostly new plants are growing from its seeds. Budding can be implemented for large scale production.

Uses:

         It is mainly used in curries for getting taste and smell. We can use this in raw or fried form. Curry trees are of different types. Small leaves like types have better taste. We can use this in dishes for garnishing. While eating food most of them simply remove the leaves and just throw it to outside. Don’t be like that, because it is a good medicine.

Medicinal values:

1)It increases the digestive capacity

       It’s a good medicine for digestion and helps the digestive enzymes to fasten the digestion process. Also add some curry leaves to the butter milk and it use after lunch. It prevents all indigestion problems.

2)It cures the internal diseases

·        If uses curry leaf juice three times in daily. It helps to cure diarrhea and dysentery.

·        Just take 10-12 curry leaf, little tamarind and grind well. Add this to one glass water and it use daily. This will help to avoid skin diseases.

·        Take 1 leaflet of curry leaf and some turmeric. Then grind and mix well and use it in daily. It helps to prevent asthma.

·        The mixture of curry leaf and turmeric use it daily for one month. It also helps to avoid allergy

·         It is good for eyesight and it contain vitamin A. It also cures cataract.

3)It prevents the early hair graying

      We can use curry leaf in curries or daily use 2-3 curry leafs. It helps to prevent premature hair greying.Hair growth can be improved using curry leaf oil.

4)It also helps to prevent the cholesterol

      Curry leaves are used for cholesterol treatment. Take some curry leaf and make it a paste form and use daily. This way we can control cholesterol in our body.

 If we eat one curry leaf daily, that’s good for our health…

 

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Operating System: Guide for Beginners

      We are all using computers and how many of them think about operating systems (OS)?Operating system is considered as the backbone of the computer system. Let us see detail about OS.

What is an Operating System?

        An operating system is an important part of every computer system. It is a program that manages the computer hardware. It also provides a basis for application programs and acts as intermediary between a user of the computer and computer hardware A computer system can be divided into four components.

·         Hardware

·         Operating System

·         Application Programs

·         Users

 Different Types of Operating Systems

Mainframe operating systems are designed to optimize utilization of hardware.

Personal computer operating systems support complex games and business applications.

Handheld computer operating systems are designed to provide an environment in which a user can easily interface with the computer to execute programs.

       The hardware has the central processing unit (CPU), the memory and an input/output (I/O) device provides the basic computer resources.The application programs such as word processors,spreadsheets,compilers and web browsers defines the ways in which these resources are used to resolve the computing problems of the users. The operating system controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various application programs for the various users. The components of a computer system are its hardware, software and data. The operating system provides the use of these resources in the operation of the computer system.

Operating system can be explored from two viewpoints

·         the user and

·         the system

User view

       The user view of the computer varies by the interface being used. This can be explained by using three cases.

Case (1):

            Many computer users sit in front of a pc consisting of a monitor, keyboard, mouse and system unit. Such a system is designed for one user to monopolize its resources. Hence the work is maximized that the user is performing. In this case the operating system is designed for ease of use, high performance and no utilization of resources.

Case (2):

            Some users sit at a terminal connected to a mainframe or minicomputer. Other users are accessing the same computer through other terminals. These users share the resources and may exchange information. The operating system is designed to maximize resource utilization to assure that all available CPU time, memory and I/O are used efficiently and that no individual user takes more than their share.

Case (3):

           Other users sit at workstations, connected to networks of other workstations and servers. These users have dedicated resources at their disposal but they also share resources such as networking and servers like file, compute and print servers.Therefore,the operating system is designed to compromise between individual usability and resource utilization.

System View

          From the computers point of view, the operating system is the program that is most intimate with the hardware.

·         The operating system can be viewed as a resource allocator.

A computer system has many resources such as hardware and software that may be required to solve the problem like CPU time, memory space, file storage space and I/O devices and so on.

·         The operating system acts as the manager of these resources.

The operating system must decide how to allocate the resources to specific programs and users so that it can operate the computer system efficiently and fairly.

·         An operating system is a control program

A control program manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer. It is concerned with the operation and control of I/O devices.

              Operating systems exist to solve the problem of creating a usable computer system. The main goal of operating systems is to execute user programs and to make solving user problems easier. Hence computer hardware is constructed. Since the hardware alone is not easy to use, application programs are developed. These programs require certain common operations such as controlling the I/O devices. The common functions of controlling and allocating resources are then brought together into one piece of software called operating system....

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Simple Happy Life Tips

How to lead a Happy Life?

         Everyone wants happiness in their life. But how to achieve happiness and lead a happy life? Someone seeking happiness by any means at any cost. They are ready to do anything for joy.Don't go anywhere and you think calmly about your life. You will get the actual meaning of happy life

1)      First you should understand who you are:

We should think how to make our life happy. For that first identify our state of living and adjusted automatically according to the changes happen in life. Accept every change in life as a challenge and face any circumstances as confidence. Also don’t act in life and realize life with its real value.

2)      Love yourself:

First you should love yourself and no one can love you as much as you like. Make confidence that am great and a good human being.

3)      Recognize your limitations:

Everyone recognize their limitations and act against that. First understand no one is perfect and identify your faults. 

4)     Think positively:

Forget the negatives and think positives. You can take time to think about your childhood and school life to regain your past memories once in a day. That will be helpful you to attain a positive attitude.

5)      Find happiness yourself:

You can find happiness yourself by watching your favorite TV shows, movies, and reading books. Interact with happy people and learn from them to create happy moments.

6)      Remember your past:

Someone says past is past and don’t rethink about that. But we can use past as a key to lock and unlock our life safely. Past realizes us the good and bad things pass across our life and provide hope to fight with present.

7)     Fill your present with colors:

Now our hand is full of present and fills it with colors. Another question is that how to fill colors? Find solutions to every problem come into your life.Don't waste time to think about failures. Enjoy every moment of life

8)     Respect everyone:

Respect everyone as equal as you. Because everyone is important in this world. All are performing their roles as their needs. Let it start from your family, give respect to your parents and old peoples in home. Then you can automatically respect others. If anyone do favor for you, just say thanks to them. Likewise wish peoples according to the situations. These are the good mode to treat everyone respectfully.

9)      Make good friends to share your life:

Friendship is the most powerful weapon in life. So you should make friends like as your interests and share your life with them

10)  Create a life track:

You should make a life track and setting the goals. Plan for everything for your life journey as your wish. Here you are the creator, planner and coordinator for your life. You should take responsibilities yourself and no one entered in it.Sometimes anything happens in life will become turning point of your life. So carefully handle your life

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Potatonion Fry Recipe

Ingredients:

1)Potato                  -  3

2)Onion                   -  2

3)Red chilly powder  -  2 tb

4)Turmeric Powder  -  ½ tb

5)Garam masala       -  1tb

6)Coconut oil           -  2tb

7)Salt                      -  1tb

8)Curry leaf

How to make potatonion fry?

      First cut the potato into small squared pieces. Then chop the onion vertically as thin slices. Take a frying pan and slightly add oil and put the potato pieces into it. Then add the turmeric powder, red chilly powder, salt and stir for 10 minutes. After it is half boiled, add the garam masala powder,onion pieces and curry leaf as necessary. Then put off the flame and serve it after 5 minutes.

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